Pneumatic tool



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. G. CARLINET.

PNEUMATIG TOOL. No. 574,784. Patented Jan. 5, 1897.

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J. G. CAR'LINET.

PNEUMATIG TOOL.'

- Patented Ja11. 5, 1897.-

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Y @NEEM y Mib/www la UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

JOHN G. CARLINET, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

PN EU MATIC TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 574,784, dated January5, 1897.

Application led May 19, 1896. Serial No. 592,208.` tNo model.)

To all whom t 'may concern.-

Be itknown that I, JOHN G. CARLINET, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Tools; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in pneumatic tools for cuttingstone, metal, and other substances, and has for its object the providingof a tool adapted to be operated by air or other Huid pressure in such amanner as to deliver a sharp quick blow to the chisel or cutting-toolwhile impartingthe least possible Vibration to the hand of the operator.

This invention consists of the novel construction and arrangement ofparts, as will be hereinafter more fully explained.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a centrallongitudinal sectional view of the tool, showing the arrangement of theinterior portions and also a portion of a chisel or other cutting-toolcarried thereby. Fig. 2 represents a cross-sectional View taken alongthe line 2 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 represents a cross sectional view takenalong the line 3 3 of Fig. l, and Fig. i represents a cross-sectionalview taken along the line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 represents a centrallongitudinal sectional View showing the arrangement of the interiorportions after the tool has been acted on by a charge of air or iiuid,and Fig. 6 represents a form of handle adapted to be used in connectionwith the herein-described pneumatic tool to stop the operation of thelatter at any desired time.

Similar parts are represented by similar letters throughout the severalviews.

The tool is provided with a casing A, one end of which engages thetubular screw B, and the rear end of the casing is closed by means ofthe plug or closing-screw D. The casing A is provided with a recess a,and its cross-section is thickened, as at d', forming an inner dan ge.The tubular screw B is provided with a chamber C and an exhaust-port b,or, instead of having the port b, a port b may be drilled through thefront of the screw, in which case the exhaust through port Z2' would actas a blast to remove the chips and dust. The closing-screw D is providedwith the ports d, d, and d3.

M represents an anvil held partly by the thickened portion a of thecasing and partly within the chamber C. y

L represents a portion of a chisel or other cutting-tool passing throughone end of the closing-screw D and held by the anvil M.

N represents a spiral spring within the chamber C and exerting apressure on the face of the anvil M and on the face of the tubular screwB, and consequently on the casing, so as to normally hold the parts inthe position shown in Fig. l. The anvil M is provided with the socket mand ports m and m2.

II represents a central inlet-pipe, one end of which is made solid andshaped to lit the socket m of the anvil and slightly flattened at thatend, as at h5. The said pipe is screwthreaded, as at ho, to receiveahose-coupling. This inlet-pipe I-I is provided with a central vpassageor duct h and the ports 7L' and h2.

The top and bottom of the pipe His attened, as at h3, where it passesthrough the rear end closin g-screw D,the object of which is to affordau exhaust-passage from the chamber F. In order to prevent the pipe I-Ifrom sliding entirely out of the tool, a pin P is inserted, which,engaging the flattened portion of the pipe, will only allowv a movementof the pipe equal in extent only to the length ot' the attened portionthereof.

E represents a plunger or striker adapted to lit snugly within thecasing A and to move back and forth under pressure in such a manner asto strike the anvil M and operate the chisel. This plunger M is providedwith a central aperture, in which slides the pipe I-I, or the plungermay be said to slide on the pipe H. In the rear end of the said plungeris a cavity e3, and near the other end are the ports e, e', and e2. Thespace within the casing between the rear end closing-screw and theplunger forms a chamber F, while the space between the other end of theplunger and the anvil and projection a' forms a second chamber K, intoboth of which chambers the air or other fluid under pressure passes andimparts the requsite motion to the moving parts.

The operator having placed the point or blade of the chisel against thesurface to be eut, he holds the chisel with one hand while he pressesthe pipe II with the other until he feels it come in contact with theanvil. Then so held, the parts of the tool may be said to be intheirinitial positions for action, and the operation of the tool fromthis point is as follows:

Referring to Fig. l, which represents the parts in their initialpositions, it will be seen that the parts are so arranged that theehamber F is in direct com munie-ation with the passage 7L, and thechamber K is open to exhaust through the ports 'm2, chamber C, and portl). In this position the air or other fluid under pressure enters thechamber F from the central duct h through the ports h', d, and d. Theplunger E, then being the portion which presents the least resistance tothe air or other iiuid, will be driven quickly forward, striking a sharpblow on the anvil M. rl`he plunger E, after-striking the anvil,stopsagainst the same, and the air in chamber F, reacting on the face of theclosing-screw D, will force the whole casing backward, compressing thespring N until the parts assume the position shown in Fig. 5. In thisposition the chamber F is now open to exhaust through the ports CZ', d,d3, and d4, and the chamber K is open to the air or other fluid supplyfrom duet L through ports h2, e, c', and e2, while the exhaust to thatchamber is closed. Then the parts assume the above position, the air orother uid under pressure entering the chamber K forces the plunger back,and the easing and other parts assume their initial positions. Themotive fluid may now be again admitted and the operation repeated. Itwill be seen that when .the plunger E moves forward under pressure ofthe air or other fluid in the chamber F the port e comes in front of theport h2, but it will be observed that the admission of air or otherfluid into the chamber K will not take place until the port c? comes infront of the recess a through the backward motion of the easing, asabove described.

Instead of exhausting the air or fluid from chamber F through ports d,d', d3, and CZ a port e4 may bc drilled through the easing, so that whenthe parts assume the position shown in Fig. 5 the exhaust will takeplace through e4 in the same manner as it would through ports h3, (Z3,the., in supply-pipe II.

rPhe small passage m', communicating with the socket m and port 'm2,acts to relieve any the arrangement shown in Fig. 6, which constitutes asliding handle.

When such a handle is employed, the central pipe II is modied, asrepresented by H'. The duct 7L is partitioned, as at h, and two ports7L7 and 71,8, drilled through the pipe H, communicate with the centralduet, one on each side of the partition 7L.

T represents a piece of hose, and V a hose-y coupling screwed to the endof the pipe Il. The sliding handle consists of the casing A', providedat one end with the closing-screw D. An inner sleeve R is carried withinthe casing, and the space between the said sleeve and the pipe II, whichit surrounds, forms the chamber S.

The packing Q is provided to prevent leakage through the ends. It willbe seen that in order for the air or other iluid to reach the toolproper, or the duct von the right of the partition hg, it will have topass from the duct on the rightthrough the port 7L?, chamber S, and porths. The above can take place when the slidinghan dle occupies theposition shown in the figure, but suppose the handle to be movedbackward, or to the left, then the port hs would be closed and theadmission of air or other fluid to the tool will be cut off.

Then the front face of the easing A' is in contact with the shoulder7L", then the posi tions of the parts will be such as to admit the airor other fluid into the tool, but when the handle is carried to theleft, so that the plug D strikes the portion n of the hose-eouplin g,the air or other iiuid will be 'cut off and the tool will stop itsoperation.

It will be seen from the above that a tool is provided in which amaximum velocity is imparted to the chisel or cutting-tool witha minimumamount of motion of the casing. This insures a heavy blow by thecuttingtool with small vibration of the hand of the operator.

It will be further observed that the parts are extremely simple and thatthe tool may be easily taken to pieces and cleaned, but it is obviousthat although I have shown only one form of tool the same is capable ofmodification in proportion and minor changes in construction withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention.

That I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is-

l. In a pneumatic tool, the combination, with a casin g closed at bothends, of a plunger adapted to move within the said casing, an anviladapted to be struck by the forward motion of said plunger, acutting-tool carried by said anvil, and means for admitting andexhausting fluid under pressure at the ends of the said plunger throughan alternate motion of the casing, substantially as described.

2. In a pneumatic tool, the combination, with a casing provided withclosing-screws at each end, of a plunger adapted to move within the saideasing, an anvil also within said casing and adapted to be struck by theforward motion of the said plunger, a central supply- IOO IIO

pipe and means for alternately admittin and exhausting the motive iiuidat the ends of the aforesaid plunger, substantially as described.

3. In a pneumatic tool, the combination, with a casing provided withfront and rear closing-screws having admission and exhaust ports, of aplunger provided with ports and adapted to move within the said casing,an anvil also provided with ports and carried by .the aforesaid oasin gan d front closing-screw, acutting-tool carried by the said anvil andpassing through said front closing-screw, and a central supply-pipeprovided with ports, and passing through the rear end closingscrew, andthe plunger, and engaging the said anvil, substantially as described.

4. In a pneumatic tool, the combination with a casing provided withfront and rear end closing-screws having admission and exhaust ports, ofa plunger provided with ports and adapted to move within the saidcasing, an anvil provided with ports and carried by the said casing andthe front end closingscrew, a cutting-tool carried by the said anvil andpassingthrou gh the said front closingscrew, and a central supply-pipehaving a solid head, provided with ports and passing throughtheaforesaid rear end closing-screw and plunger, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a pneumatic tool, the combination with a casing provided withfront and rear end closing-screws having admission and eX- haust ports,of a plunger carried Within the said casing, an anvil provided withports, carried Within the said casing and front closingscreW and adaptedto be struck by the for- Ward motion of the plunger,`a cutting-toolcarried by the said anvil and passing through the said frontclosing-screw, a central supply-pipe, made solid at one end, providedwith ports and passing through the said rear closing-screw and plungerand adapted to engage said anvil, substantially as described.

6. In a pneumatic tool, the combination, with a casing provided with arear end closin g-screw having admission and exhaust ports, `of a secondclosing-screw inserted in the other end of the said casing and providedwith exhaust-ports and a central chamber; a plunger provided with portsand adapted to move within said casing; an anvil provided with ports andcarried by said casing and front closing-screw 5 a cutting-tool carriedby the said anvil, a central supply-pipe made solid at one end, providedWith ports and passing through the said rear closing-screw and plunger,and engaging the anvil, substantially as described.

7. In a pneumatic tool, the combination, with a casing, of aclosing-screw provided with a central chamber and exhaust-port andinserted in one end of the casing, a rear closingscrew provided withports and inserted in the other end of the said casing, a plungerprovided With ports and adapted to move Within the said casing, an anvilprovided With ports and carried Within said casin g and frontclosing-screw, a cutting-tool carried by the said anvil, means forresisting the foi-Ward motion of the said anvil carried by the saidfront closing-screw, and a central supply-pipe, provided with ports andadapted to be engaged by the rear end closing-screw plunger and anvil,substantially as described.

S. In a pneumatic tool, the combination with a casing provided at eachend with a closing-screw having admission and exhaust ports, of aplunger adapted to move Within said casing, an anvil carried Within saidcasing and front closing-screw and adapted to be struck by said plunger,a cutting-tool carried by said anvil, a spring adapted toresist theforward motion of the said anvil, and means for admitting and exhaustingfluid alter natively to and from both ends of the said plunger,substantially as described.

9. In a pneumatic tool, the combination with a casing provided withclosing-screws at each end having admission and exhaust ports, of aplunger provided with ports and adapted to move within the said casing;an anvil carried Within the said casing and provided with ports andfront and rear cavities or sockets, a cutting-tool carried by Asaidanvil in the front socket, a spring adapted to resist the forward motion.of the said anvil, and a central supply-pipe provided With ports,passing through the said rear closing-soreT and plunger and adapted toengage the rear socket of the aforesaid anvil, substantially asdescribed.

. l0. In a pneumatic tool, the combination with a casing of aclosing-screwT having ports and provided with a central chamber, of asecond closingscrew provided with ports and inserted in the other end ofsaid casing, a plunger and ports therein carried Within said casing, ananvil also provided With ports and carried Within the said casing andclosing-screw chamber, a cutting-tool carried by said anvil, a springcarried Within said closing-scregv chamber and adapted to resist theforward motion of said anvil, a central inletpipe having a solid head,provided with ports and passing through said rear end closingscreW andplunger and adapted to engage the aforesaid anvil, substantially asdescribed.

1l. In a pneumatic tool, the combination with a casin g, of aclosing-soreT provided with a central chamber and ports and inserted inone endof said casing, a second closingscrew provided with ports andinserted in the other end of said casing; a plunger provided with portsand carried Within the said casing; an anvil also provided With portsand carried within the said casin g and closing-screw chamber, acutting-tool carried by one end of said anvil; a spring carried withinsaid closingscreW chamber and adapted to resist the forward motion ofsaid anvil and carried by said closing-screw chamber; a centralsupply-pipe having a solid. head at one end and adapted to be connectedto the source of Huid-supply at the other provided with ports andpassing IOO IIO

through the rear closing-screw and plunger and adapted to engage saidanvil, substantially as described.

l2. In a pneumatic tool, the combination With a Casin g, of aclosing-screw provided with a central chamber and inserted in one endoi' said casing, a second closing-screw inserted in the other end ofsaid casing, a plunger adapted to move within said easing, an anviladapted to be struck by said plunger and earried within said casing andclosng-serew chamber, a cutting-tool carried by said anvil, a centralsupply-pipe having a solid head at one end and adapted to be connectedwith the source of [iuidsupply at the other, provided with ports an dpassin g through the rear closing-screw and plunger and adapted toengage the said anvil, and ports provided for the admission andexpulsion of the iuid at the ends of the said plunger, substantially asdescribed.

13. In a pneumatic tool, the combination, with a casing provided withclosing-screws in each end having admission and exhaust ports; of aplunger provided With ports and carried Within the said easing, an anvilearried Within the said casing and front closingscrew and provided withports, a cutting-tool carried by the said anvil, a spring carried Withinthe front closing-screw and adapted to resist the forward motion of thesaid anvil, a central supply-pipe, having a solid head at one end andadapted to be connected with the source of Huid-supply at the other end,passing through the rear end closing-screw and plunger and engaging thesaid anvil, means for limiting the motion of the said supply-pipe,substantially as described.

li. In a pneumatic tool, the combination with a sliding casing closed atboth ends and adapted to act as a valve, of a plunger earried Within thesaid Casing, an anvil adapted to be struck by the forward motion of saidplunger, a euttingtool carried by the said anvil, and means foradmitting and exhausting iluid at the ends of said plunger through thealternate motion of the said easing, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I afix my signature in presence ot' two witnesses.

JOHN G. CARLINE".

Vi'itnesses:

ROBERT A. BEAvEn, ALLAN J. CAssiDv.

